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How do I add myself back as a sudo user?

11/30/2016

0 Comments

 
If you should be a sudoer in ubuntu but somehow the system is broken and you can no longer make administrative changes, follow the procedure below to re-enter the sudoers list.

$ sudo ls
[sudo] password for stephane:
stephane is not in the sudoers file. This incident will be reported.

  1. During boot, press and hold the left Shift key, and you should see the GRUB menu.
  2. Select the entry containing (recovery mode) and wait.
  3. You should now be presented with a menu. Select:
    remount Remount / read/write and mount all other file systems


If this option doesn't appear or won't work, you can instead choose the root option and use the following command to mount the system partition:
mount -o remount /
or
mount -o rw,remount /

After applying this variation, adding a user to the admin (11.10 and ealrier) or sudo (12.04 and later) group is done like:
adduser username admin # 11.10 and earlier
adduser username sudo # 12.04 and later
​
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Manually mounting a USB disk in Ubuntu

11/28/2016

2 Comments

 

Using mount

1. Get the Information
Sometimes, devices don't automount, in which case you should try to manually mount them. First, you must know what device you are dealing with and what filesystem it is formatted with. Most flash drives are FAT16 or FAT32 and most external hard disks are NTFS. Type the following: 
sudo fdisk -lFind your device in the list. It is probably something like /dev/sdb1. For more information about filesystems, see LinuxFilesystemsExplained. 


2. Create the Mount Point
Now we need to create a mount point for the device. Let's say we want to call it "external". You can call it whatever you want, but if you use spaces in the name it gets a little more complicated. Instead, use an underscore to separate words (like "my_external"). Create the mount point: 
sudo mkdir /media/external

3. Mount the Drive
We can now mount the drive. Let's say the device is /dev/sdb1, the filesystem is FAT16 or FAT32 (like it is for most USB flash drives), and we want to mount it at /media/external (having already created the mount point): 
sudo mount -t vfat /dev/sdb1 /media/external -o uid=1000,gid=1000,utf8,dmask=027,fmask=137The options following the "-o" give you ownership of the drive, and the masks allow for extra security for file system permissions. If you don't use those extra options you may not be able to read and write the drive with your regular username. 
Otherwise, if the device is formatted with NTFS, run: 
sudo mount -t ntfs-3g /dev/sdb1 /media/external
Note: You must have the ntfs-3g driver installed. See MountingWindowsPartitions for more information.

4. Unmounting the Drive
When you are finished with the device, don't forget to unmount the drive before disconnecting it. Assuming /dev/sdb1 is mounted at /media/external, you can either unmount using the device or the mount point: 
sudo umount /dev/sdb1or: 
sudo umount /media/externalYou cannot unmount from the desktop by right-clicking the icon if the drive was manually mounted. 

This information is taken from https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Mount/USB
2 Comments

nVidia drivers after Ubuntu 12.10

4/11/2014

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It seems that Ubuntu left out the headers, so it cannot recompile with the nVidia driver correctly.

This is what worked for me, install headers & dpkg update.
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+s...s/+bug/1068942

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get install linux-headers-generic
# only reason to purge is there are several versions, if you know you have different nVidia use that:
sudp apt-get purge nvidia*
sudo apt-get install nvidia-current
sudo dpkg-reconfigure nvidia-current


Bug reports:
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+s...s/+bug/1068341

https://bugs.launchpad.net/fglrx/+bug/1068456
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+s...y/+bug/1068488
https://bugs.launchpad.net/fglrx/+bug/1068661
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How to reduce the size of a video in one line (Ubuntu)

7/20/2013

3 Comments

 
If you want to convert a Mp4 file in HD into a Mp4 file of lower resolution, you can use one of the following programs:

sudo apt-get install mencoder
mencoder VideoS2.mp4 -vf scale=640:480 -ovc lavc -o VideoS2-small.mp4

OR
sudo apt-get install ffmpeg
ffmpeg -i videoS1.mp4 -r 30 -s 960x540 videoS1_test.mp4

OR
sudo apt-get install libav-tools
avconv -i input.mp4 -s 640x480 output.mp4

GUI
If you d rather work with a graphical interface you can download the following programs:

AVIDEMUX, which can resize and lower the size which helps in cases where the objective is to lower size. avidemux

HANDBREAK - Excellent tool for converting videos and optimizing size. I use it a lot when going from ogg to mp4 with h.264. Lowers A LOT the size. handbreak

OPENSHOT & PITIVI - Both are good video editors tha can help lower size when rendering the video. openshot and pitivi

VLC

Source: http://askubuntu.com/questions/160869/need-to-downsample-video-to-a-lower-resolution

Zoe
_
3 Comments

How to convert MP4 to AVI under ubuntu using ffmpeg without losing quality

4/17/2013

2 Comments

 
In this tutorial we will see how to use FFMEG to convert videos having the MP4 extension to AVI. To install ffmpeg in Ubuntu 11.10 or any older versions of Ubuntu, open the terminal and issue this command:

sudo apt-get install ffmpeg

Next, cd to the folder containing your MP4 files and run this command:

ffmpeg -i filename.mp4 -sameq -vcodec mpeg4 -acodec ac3 output.avi

Replace filename.mp4 with your own MP4 file. The generated avi file will be named output.avi, you can rename it to whatever you want.

That's it!

Evi
2 Comments

Ubuntu - the meaning

3/18/2013

0 Comments

 
An anthropologist offered children of an African tribe a new game. He put a basket full of fruit close to a tree and told them that who would be there first would win and get all the fruits. When he gave them the start signal they all went to the tree together holding hands. They all sat down and enjoyed the delicious fruits. When the anthropologist asked why they had gone together rather than running to see who would win and reach the fruits first they said: "Ubuntu, how can one of us be happy if all the others are sad?"

Ubuntu in the Xhosa culture means: "I am, because you are, and I can only be, if you are."

Picture
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How to create CD/DVD ISO Images from Ubuntu

1/18/2013

0 Comments

 
Here are four clever ways to create CD/DVD ISO Images in Ubuntu:

http://tuxarena.blogspot.gr/2009/03/4-ways-to-create-cddvd-iso-images-in.html

You can use K3b, Brasero, AcetoneISO or... simply the command line:

sudo apt-get install genisoimage

Use it like this:

genisoimage -o my_image.iso my_directory

Or:

genisoimage -o my_image.iso file01 file02 file03

The first command will create an ISO image from the contents of folder my_directory (and it will include it as the root directory), while the second one will create an image containing file01, file02, file03 (and no root directory).

Zoe

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Adding new user to a group in Ubuntu

12/10/2012

0 Comments

 
To create a new user in Ubuntu type:

sudo adduser -ingroup GROUP USERNAME

or

sudo adduser USERNAME

(adds the user and asks you questions about the user)

sudo usermod -G GROUP USERNAME
(changes the primary group of a user, set it to 'lab')

sudo passwd USERNAME
(sets the password of the new user, which should be changed upon first login)

sudo chown -R USERNAME:GROUP /home/USERNAME/
(recursively sets the ownership of the files of the user to GROUP)

Zoe


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libstdc++.so.6: version `GLIBCXX_3.4.11' not found

11/23/2012

1 Comment

 
While trying to use some of Desmond tools I got the following error:

/opt/desmond2012/maestro-v93023/lib/Linux-x86_64/libstdc++.so.6: version `GLIBCXX_3.4.11' not found (required by /usr/lib/pymodules/python2.7/matplotlib/ft2font.so)

The solution is to instal the GNU C compiler and GNU C++ compiler for x86_64.
To install the gcc and g++ compilers, you will need the build-essential package. This will also install GNU make.
build-essential contains a list of packages which are essential for building Ubuntu packages including gcc compiler, make and other required tools.

$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get upgrade
$ sudo apt-get install build-essential
$ gcc -v
$ make -v

Then,
$ cd /opt/desmond2012/maestro-v93023/lib/Linux-x86_64
$ sudo mv libgcc_s.so.1 libgcc_s.so.1.back
$ sudo ln -s /lib/libgcc_s.so.1 libgcc_s.so.1
$ sudo rm libstdc++.so.6 (this was already a symbolic link)

and finally create a symbolic link
$ sudo ln -s  /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.6.1/libstdc++.so libstdc++.so.6

Hope that helps!
Evi

1 Comment

32bit program compatibility with 64bit computers

10/24/2012

0 Comments

 
If you are trying to run a program and get the error message:
"File not found"
while your program is really there and it is not missing, then your problem might be that you are trying to run a 32-bit executable on a 64-bit computer.

The solution is to install the ia32-libs package for backwards 32bit compatibility. Run:

1) dpkg -s ia32-libs ; to check whether the ia32-libs package is installed or not
2) open "Ubuntu Software Center", search for "ia32-libs", click "install"

Vassilis

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